List of state leaders in 1859

1858 state leaders - Events of 1859 - 1860 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy - Kwaku Dua I Panyin, Asantehene (1834–1867)
• Buganda - Mutesa I, King of Buganda (1856–1884)
• Bunyoro - Kyebambe IV, Omukama of Bunyoro (1852–1869)
• Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852–1908)
• Dahomey - Glele, King of Dahomey (1856–1889)
• Ethiopia - Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia (1855–1868)
• Jimma -
  1. Abba Rebu, King (1855–1859)
  2. Abba Bok'a, King (1859–1862)
• Liberia - Stephen Allen Benson, President of Liberia (1856–1864)
• Rwanda - Kigeli IV, King of Rwanda (1853–1895)
• Zanzibar - Sayyid Majid bin Said Al-Busaid, Sultan of Zanzibar (1856–1870)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph -
    1. Ali bin Bello I, Sokoto Caliph (1842–1859)
    2. Ahmad bin Atiku, Sokoto Caliph (1859–1866)
  • Grand Vizier -
    1. Abd al-Qadir, Sokoto Grand Vizier (1842–1859)
    2. Ibrahim Khalilu, Sokoto Grand Vizier (1859-c.1874)
• Wituland - Ahmad ibn Fumo Bakari, Sultan (1858–1885)
• Zulu - Mpande kaSenzangakhona, King of the Zulu (1840–1872)

Asia

• Afghanistan - Dost Mohammad Khan, King of Afghanistan (1843–1863)
• China
  • Qing Dynasty - Xianfeng, Emperor of China (1850–1861)
  • Heavenly Kingdom of Taiping - Hong Xiuquan, King of Heaven (1851–1864)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Kōmei, Emperor of Japan (1846–1867)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Iemochi, Shogun of Japan (1858–1866)
  • Ryūkyū Kingdom - Shō Tai, King of Ryūkyū (1848-11 March 1879)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Cheoljong, King of Joseon (1849–1864)
• Oman - Thuwaini bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1856–1866)
• Vietnam (Nguyễn Dynasty) - Tự Đức, Emperor of Vietnam (1847–1883)

Europe

• Abkhazia - Mikheil, Prince of Abkhazia (1822–1864)
• Belgium
  • Monarch - Léopold I, King of the Belgians (1831–1865)
  • Cabinet Chief - Charles Rogier, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1847–1852, 1857–1868)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Frederick VII, King of Denmark (1848–1863)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Carl Christian Hall, Prime Minister of Denmark (1857–1859)
    2. Carl Edvard Rotwitt, Prime Minister of Denmark (1859–1860)
• France - Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852–1870)
• German Confederation - Franz Joseph of Austria, President of the German Confederation (1850–1866)
  • Austria - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria (1848–1916)
  • Luxembourg
    • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
    • Prime Minister - Mathias Simons, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1853–1860)
  • Prussia -
    • Monarch - Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia (1840–1861)
    • Regent - Prince Wilhelm, Regent of Prussia (1858–1861)
    • Prime Minister - Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Minister-President of Prussia (1858–1862)
  • Bavaria - Maximilian II, King of Bavaria (1848–1864)
  • Saxony - Johann, King of Saxony (1854–1873)
  • Hanover - George, King of Hanover (1851–1866)
  • Württemberg - William, King of Württemberg (1816–1864)
• Greece -
  • Monarch - Otto, King of Greece (1832–1862)
  • Prime Minister - Athanasios Miaoulis, Prime Minister of Greece (1857–1862)
• Hungary - Franz Joseph I of Austria, King of Hungary (1848–1916)
• Netherlands
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Prime Minister - Jan Jacob Rochussen, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1858–1860)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
  • Monarch - Abd-ul-Mejid I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1839–1861)
  • Grand Vizier -
    1. Mehmed Emin Ali Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1858–1859)
    2. Kibrisli Mehmed Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1859)
    3. Mütercim Mehmed Rüstü Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1859–1860)
• Portugal - Pedro V, King of Portugal (1853–1861)
• Romania - Alexander John Cuza, Prince of Romania (1859–1866)
• Russia - Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (1855–1881)
• Sardinia-Piedmont- Victor Emmanuel II, King of Sardinia-Piedmont (1849-1878*) *King of Italy beginning in 1861
  • Prime Minister - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour, Prime Minister of Sardinia-Piedmont
  • Savoy
  • Lombardy annexed from Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia
• Spain - Isabella II, Queen of Spain (1833–1868)
• Sweden - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway -
  1. Oscar I, King of Sweden (1844–1859)
  2. Charles XV, King of Sweden (1859–1872)
• Two Sicilies -
  1. Ferdinand II, King of the Two Sicilies (1830–1859)
  2. Francis II, King of the Two Sicilies (1859–1861)
• United Kingdom
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837–1901)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1858–1859)
    2. Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1859–1865)

Middle East and North Africa

• Egypt (Under Ottoman suzerainty)- Said, Governor of Egypt (1854–1863)
• Morocco -
  1. Abderrahmane, Sultan of Morocco (1822–1859)
  2. Mohammed IV, Sultan of Morocco (1859–1873)

North America

• Province of Canada: Sir Edmund Walker Head, Governor of the Province of Canada (1854–1861)
• Costa Rica -
  1. Juan Rafael Mora Porras, President of Costa Rica (1849–1859)
  2. José María Montealegre Fernández, President of Costa Rica (1859–1863)
• Mexico:
  1. Manuel Robles Pezuela, President of Mexico (1858–1859)
  2. Miguel Miramón, President of Mexico (1859–1860)
• United States: James Buchanan, President of the United States (1857–1861)

Oceania

• Hawaii - Kamehameha IV, King of Hawaii (1854–1863)
• Maori Lands - Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, Maori king (1858–1860)
• Samoa - Malietoa Moli, Malietoa (1858–1860)
• Tonga - Tāufaʻāhau, Tu'i Kanokupolu (1845–1893)

South America

• Argentina
  1. Justo José de Urquiza, President of the Argentine Confederation (1854–1860)
  • Buenos Aires State
    1. Valentín Alsina, Governor of Buenos Aires Province (1858–1859)
    2. Felipe Lavallol, Governor of Buenos Aires Province (1859–1860)
• Brazil - Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831–1889)
• Uruguay - Gabriel Antonio Pereira, President of Uruguay (1856–1860)